Narcissistic Personality Disorder

by Mike Gamble

Inspiration for this article comes from Brett Borders, an online reputation management researcher in Colorado.

Many people in our online support group are caring for a parent with a severe character flaw called Narcissistic Personality Disorder (NPD). The psychiatrists’ DSM manual describes it as “a pervasive pattern of grandiosity, need for admiration, and a lack of empathy.” Narcissists (NPD people) are excessively preoccupied with personal adequacy, power and prestige. Everyone has some need for attention, but NPD people are pathologically obsessed with it.

NPD Is More Prevalent Than You Might Think

People with NPD have a fragile, deeply wounded self-concept. They puff their ego up like blowfish in order to hide the flaw and overcompensate for it. Some use their cunning and charm to become materially successful and accomplished in the business world. For example, a significant percentage of venture capitalists (VCs) have high-functioning NPD.

Certain professions supply a continual buffet of ego food: politics, acting, modeling, television, pro sports, just to name a few. NPD people love to put themselves on a pedestal and receive lots of one-way attention (“narcissistic supply”). The exhibitionist aspect provides endless opportunities for narcissists to reinforce their vanity and activate their grandiosity, often partying together, enraptured with the mutual ego-stroking, all the while trying to outdo and upstage each other.

Identifying Narcissistic Personality Disorder

Some common characteristics of NPD types:

  • Narcissists can be irresistibly charming. They appear to be so deeply in love with themselves that others get taken along for the ride with them. They develop polished communication and manipulation skills that can easily dazzle you like the Wizard of Oz. Narcissists “go big” leave an “epic” first impression on many people.
  • Narcissists are all about themselves. A relationship with a narcissist is typically a “one-way street.” When the conversation is focused on the narcissist, they become alive and animated. When it’s someone else’s turn to talk or take the stage, they tend become distant and withdrawn.
  • Narcissists lack empathy for others. Narcissists are impostors who are so wrapped up in the drama of their own internal world, they almost completely lack the ability to empathize with others. The best they can offer is “pseudo-empathy” of the type that a telemarketer offers during a closing pitch. They may act nice when they want something from you, but once they’ve gotten what they came for – they’ll drop you faster than a call on the AT&T cellular network.
  • Narcissists are preoccupied with power, status, recognition, money, followers, fame. They will stop at nothing to get more fans, more followers, more time in the limelight, more accolades. They are relentless, inexhaustible social climbers who sometimes excel at sales, business development and executive roles. Many high-level narcissists use money and its privileges as the perfect bait to draw the chosen into their inner circle of loyal supporters and admirers. (The ugly side of this cozy equation is the sacrifice of self, the abuse and the humiliations many exchange for their privileged status.)
  • Narcissists are defensive & hypersensitive to criticism. NPD people protect their brittle self-esteem by launching biting, harsh attacks on those who dare to criticize and question them. They are also very controlling about how others view and think of them – by positively rewarding the praise and tyrannically punishing dissent. When it’s impossible for them to attack the critic directly, they’ll do anything in their power to block or sabotage their future success.
  • Narcissists indulge themselves extravagantly. They’ll do anything to get first class travel, new gadgets, sexual conquests, spa treatments, exclusive after party invites, fancy swag bags, exclusive club memberships, extravagant homes and cars. All these things provide external proof of their adequacy and help (momentarily) fill the enormous emptiness inside them. When they get them, they’re quick to brag about it.
  • NPD people can be exhibitionists. In order to keep the life-sustaining supply of attention focused on them, they will metaphorically “drop their pants” and reveal too much information about themselves, much more than most professionals ever would. They will openly talk about their drug use, sexual life or fantasizes, their income, their enemies or their business exploits. They especially love speaking gigs, interviews, video blogging, karaoke, etc., – because moments in the limelight are life-sustaining soul food for their inadequate self concept.
  • NPD people keep score. They watch rivals with microscopic vigilance, and will come up with cunning ways to sabotage, outdo or humiliate them. Multimillionaire VCs with NPD are envious of the billionaire ones. They never “give back” and pay attention to someone else unless they absolutely have to.
  • Narcissists demand total loyalty from their followers. No matter how badly an NPD person behaves, their fans and subordinate “yes men” will cheer them on and publicly declare how “awesome” they are, etc. People (unconsciously) sense they have a dangerously fragile self-concept – and are intuitively afraid of getting on their “bad list” – so they tend to leave lots of ego stroking (”You rock!”) comments. One you get on the bad list, there is no way off without heavy ass-kissing and contrition. (Unless you get access to something they desperately want.)
  • Narcissists often abuse their wives, their children, and animals. While their public side displays only their charming personalities, their private lives often tell a far different story, filled with physical and/or verbal violence. Their need to dominate, to control, can turn their wives and children into submissive slaves to their wishes (and sometimes their perversions). Their tools? Insults, public humiliation, degradation – just to name a few. The pain and anguish felt by their victims – mentally and physically battered wives (husbands too), abused or ignored children, pets injured or killed – is the savory nectar that sadistic NPDs crave to satisfy their insatiable hunger for absolute control.

The Narcissist’s Bleak Inner World

The narcissist selectively chooses an “inner circle” of others who will resonate with their vision of self. The successful NPD person creates an intricate matrix of positive feedback in the form of fans, friends, followers and partners who fulfill their endless needs. When the sources of these ego rewards (comments, accolades, retweets, speaking gigs) become unavailable or fail, the narcissist experience intense feelings of emptiness.

In her excellent book on high-level narcissism, Dr. Linda Martinez-Lewi says:

“The narcissist’s experience of emotional emptiness is beyond longing or sadness. It is a severe and intractable wounding, a pain so savage and deep that it seems intolerable. The psychological landscape of the narcissist is bleak. He has no inner resources to sustain him. He cannot turn to himself or others for real affection or solace. Although he enjoys the transient loyalty of dedicated followers, no one really cares about him.”

Addiction to power is the ultimate dual-action stimulant + painkiller for the narcissistic personality.

How to Deal with NPD People

First, you must accept the fact that you are not alone.

Being in a family, business, or romantic relationship with a narcissist is living hell. Working for one can be an “emotional holocaust.” There are some excellent books on the deeper aspects of defending yourself against the narcissist’s insidious nastiness – The Wizard of Oz & Other Narcissists: Coping With the One-Way Relationship in Work, Life and Family is highly-recommended.

In more shallow relationships, you must remember that narcissists demand loyalty and perfect ego stroking. If you choose to get involved in their world, be prepared to perpetually walk on eggshells and keep your true feelings masked – no matter how disgusting or annoying their behaviors are. Never criticize them unless you are willing to go on their permanent “s**t list.”

If you don’t need or want anything from the Narcissist, it’s best to be cordial and distant from them. Keep firm boundaries. Stay far away, don’t be drawn into their charismatic web of illusion, and if they attack you — you don’t have to attack back. Recognition and awareness of NPD personalities can save you from intense pain and grief.

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